State Disability Insurance Calculator — CA, NY, NJ, RI, HI Short-Term Disability

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How to use

1 Select your state from the 6 with state SDI programs (CA, NY, NJ, RI, HI, plus MA PFML).
2 Enter your average weekly wage (typically the high quarter of base period or 12-month average, depending on state).
3 Click Calculate to see weekly benefit amount and maximum benefit weeks.
4 File your claim with state agency: California EDD, NY State Insurance Fund, NJ Family Leave/Temporary Disability, RI Department of Labor, HI Department of Labor, MA PFML.
5 In the 44 other states, you'll need private short-term disability insurance. Many employers offer voluntary short-term disability as a benefit; individual policies cost $20-100/month.

State Disability Insurance Programs (2026)

State	Max weekly benefit	Max weeks	Wage replacement
California SDI	$1,765	52	70-90%
New York DBL	$170 (very low)	26	50%
New Jersey TDI	$1,055	26	85%
Rhode Island TDI	$1,070	30	~60%
Hawaii TDI	$781	26	~58%
Massachusetts PFML medical	$1,230	20	~80%
DC PFL medical	$1,118	2	~90%
Other 44 states	—	—	No state SDI; employer/individual policies

California SDI Highlights (CA EDD 2026)

Item	2026 amount
Payroll tax rate (employee only)	1.3%
Wage cap	None (removed in 2024)
Maximum weekly benefit	$1,765
Wage replacement (formula)	70-90% (higher % for lower earners)
Maximum benefit period	52 weeks
Waiting period	7 days

SDI vs. SSDI

State SDI is short-term disability for temporary medical conditions (typically 6-52 weeks). Federal Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) covers long-term disability expected to last 12+ months or result in death. SDI starts after a 7-day waiting period; SSDI requires a 5-month waiting period and is much harder to qualify for. Many people use SDI first, then transition to SSDI if disability is permanent.

Private Short-Term Disability Insurance

For workers in the 44 states without state SDI, options are: (1) Employer-sponsored short-term disability — often available at low cost ($10-30/month), 60-67% wage replacement, 13-26 week duration. (2) Individual short-term disability — Aflac, MetLife, others. Premium varies dramatically by occupation; clerical workers cheap, manual labor expensive. (3) Long-term disability — different product, kicks in after STD ends (typically 90-180 day elimination period), continues to age 65 or until recovery.

Are SDI Benefits Taxable?

Federal: SDI benefits paid for by employee contributions are tax-free. Benefits paid for by employer contributions are taxable. State: California excludes SDI from state income tax. New York and New Jersey include SDI in state taxable income. Most states without SDI tax private short-term disability based on who paid premiums.

FAQ

Q Which states have State Disability Insurance?

Six states + Puerto Rico + DC: California (SDI), Hawaii (TDI), New Jersey (TDI), New York (DBL), Rhode Island (TDI), Puerto Rico, plus Massachusetts (PFML medical) and DC (PFL medical) effective 2021+. The remaining 44 states have no mandatory state-level short-term disability program.

Q How much is California SDI in 2026?

CA SDI provides 70-90% of average weekly wage (higher percentage for lower earners) up to a maximum of $1,765/week in 2026. Funded through 1.3% employee-only payroll tax with no wage cap (the wage cap was removed in 2024). Benefits up to 52 weeks per claim.

Q What's the difference between SDI and SSDI?

SDI is short-term disability — state-administered, covers temporary conditions, benefits typically 6-52 weeks. SSDI is federal Social Security Disability Insurance — long-term disability lasting 12+ months. SDI starts after a 7-day waiting period; SSDI requires 5 months of disability before benefits begin and is much harder to qualify for.

Q Is New York DBL really only $170/week?

Yes — NY DBL has not been substantially increased since 1989 and is now functionally inadequate at $170/week ($8,840/year max). Many NY employers supplement with private short-term disability. NY's separate Paid Family Leave is much more generous ($1,228 max in 2026). DBL serves as a small supplement, not full income replacement.

Q Does my employer have to offer short-term disability?

In states with mandatory SDI (CA, NY, NJ, RI, HI), yes — employers must provide state SDI through state programs or approved private equivalents. In the 44 other states, employers are not required to offer short-term disability. Many do as a voluntary benefit ($10-30/month employee cost typical).

Q Can I use both SDI and FMLA?

Yes — they typically run concurrently. FMLA provides 12 weeks of job-protected unpaid leave; SDI provides wage replacement during that period (and beyond, up to state max). So a California SDI claim of 26 weeks would include 12 weeks of FMLA job protection plus an additional 14 weeks of SDI-only coverage.

Q Are SDI benefits taxable?

Federal: usually tax-free if paid for entirely by employee contributions (which is most state SDI). Taxable if employer-paid. State: California excludes SDI from state taxable income. New York and New Jersey include SDI in state taxable income. Always verify with current tax forms — Form 1099-G if benefits were taxable.

Q What conditions qualify for SDI?

Any non-work-related illness, injury, or condition preventing you from doing your regular job. Includes pregnancy disability (typically 4 weeks before due date through 6 weeks postpartum, longer for C-section/complications), surgery recovery, mental health conditions, broken bones, severe illness. Work-related injuries are covered by separate Workers' Compensation, not SDI.